1. ANALGESICS
-used to relieve pain without causing numbness or affecting consciousness.
(a)Aspirin
-function: to reduce fever,headache,arthritic pain and dental pain
-not suitable to be used by:
Children,pregnant women,gastric patient,
kidney disease
kidney disease
-correct usage: taken with plenty of water, taken
after the food
after the food
-Reasons:
=>aspirin is acidic
=>will cause ulceration and internal bleeding
=>reduce irritation of stomach wall
-Side effects:
=>brain and liver damage
(b) Paracetamol
-neutral
-used to replace aspirin(given to children)
-side effects: liver damage
(c) Codeine
-headache tablets, cough medicine
-side effects
-side effects =>drowsiness
=>addiction
=>depression
=>nausea
=>dry mouth
2. ANTIBIOTICS
-used to kill or slow down the growth of bacterias
-to treat infections caused by bacterias.
(a)penicillin
-treats:=>tuberculosis(TB)
=>pneumonia
=>syphilis
=>gonorrhea
(b)Streptomysin
-treats:
=>tuberculosis
=>pneumonia
=>whopping cough
* antibiotics are usually given by injection and are not taken orally—because they are broken down by the acid in stomach.
* correct usage:
The patient should take the full course of the antibiotics.
-to make sure all the bacterias are killed
-otherwise,he may become ill again and the bacterias may become more
resistant to the antibiotics
-the antibiotic is no longer effective
-doctor have to prescribe a different and stronger antibiotics to fight the same
infection
*side effects
-headache
-allergic reaction
-diarrhoea
3.PSYCHOTHERAPEUTICS
-used to alter abnormal thinking,feelings, or behaviours
(a) stimulant
-to reduce fatigue and elevate mood
-amphetamine
-side effect: anxiety,hallucination
(b) antidepressant
-reduce tension and anxiety
-e.g Transquilisers
-causes drowsiness
Barbiturates
-causes addiction,kill themselves accidentally by taking overdose
(c) antipsychotic
-to treat psychiatric illness such as schizophrenia
-chlorpromazine
-Side effect: drowsiness
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